Yakamata a duba aikin kowace na'ura na maganin sa barci akai-akai.Mai zuwa shine yadda ake kimanta tsarin numfashi na injin ku, wanda yakamata a gwada kafin kowane amfani.
Wajibi ne a gwada na'urar maganin sa barci don yatsan ruwa don tabbatar da cewa injin yana aiki da kyau lokacin da ake amfani da shi.Wannan labarin ya tattauna yadda ake duba tsarin numfashi na injin sa barcin dabbobi.Wani labarin dabam ya bayyana yadda za a duba tsarin matsa lamba da tsarin scavenging.
Tsarin numfashi yana ƙunshe da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don isar da cakuda iskar gas na anesthetic ga majiyyaci.Kafin kowane amfani, duba gani na sassan tsarin numfashi don tabbatar da cewa basu lalace ba.Domin ita ce mafi yawan tushen ɗigogi daga na'urorin maganin sa barci (duba labarun gefe), ya zama dole a yi gwajin ƙwanƙwasa akan tsarin numfashi kafin kowane amfani.
An haɗa da'irar sake numfashi zuwa bawul ɗin dubawa da numfashi (bawul ɗin duba), bawul ɗin pop-up (daidaitaccen bawul mai iyakance matsa lamba), jakar tafki, ma'aunin matsa lamba, bawul ɗin ci (ba a kan duk injina) da CO2 Absorbent tank.Mafi yawan nau'in da'irar numfashi da ake amfani da su a cikin likitocin dabbobi shine tsarin da'ira, wanda aka tsara ta yadda iskar gas ke gudana ta hanya ɗaya kawai.Tsarin bututun numfashi na iya zama hoses guda biyu da aka haɗa tare da yanki mai siffa Y (yanki mai siffa Y), ko ƙirar coaxial tare da bututun inhalation a cikin tiyon exhalation (Janar F).
Haɗa bututun numfashi ɗaya zuwa bawul ɗin duba inhalation, haɗa ɗayan zuwa bawul ɗin duba numfashi, sannan haɗa jakar tafki mai girman majiyyaci zuwa bakin jakar.A madadin, ana iya gwada kowane ɓangaren da'irar sake numfashi ta hanyar amfani da matakai masu zuwa:
Hoto na 1A.Gwada abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin numfashi ba tare da amfani da hoses ko jakunkuna na tafki ba.(Kit ɗin gwajin Vetamac) (Hoto daga Michelle McConnell, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia]))
Hoto na 1B.Gwada bututun numfashi tare da filogi a tashar jiragen ruwa na jakar tafki.(Kit ɗin gwajin Vetamac) (Hoto daga Michelle McConnell, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia]))
Hoto na 1C.Gwada jakar tafki tare da matosai a bututun dubawa da numfashi.(Kit ɗin gwajin Vetamac) (Hoto daga Michelle McConnell, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia]))
Rufe bawul ɗin buɗaɗɗen kuma rufe ƙarshen majiyyaci da babban yatsan hannu ko tafin hannu.Kada a yi amfani da bawul ɗin toshewa mai buɗewa don duban matsa lamba.An ƙera waɗannan bawul ɗin don zubowa bayan sun kai wani matsa lamba, don haka za su iya kawo cikas ga ƙima na gaskiya na tsarin numfashi mara ɗigo.
Cika tsarin tare da oxygen ta hanyar buɗe mita mai gudana ko danna maɓallin tsaftacewa na oxygen har sai an kai matsa lamba na 30 cm H2O akan ma'aunin matsa lamba.Da zarar an kai wannan matsa lamba, kashe na'urar motsi.Idan kuna amfani da bututun mai da aka ambata a madadin hanyar mataki na 1, kada ku yi amfani da bawul ɗin zubar da iskar oxygen.Babban matsa lamba kwatsam na iya lalata ɓangarorin ciki na na'urar maganin sa barci.
Idan babu yadudduka a cikin tsarin numfashi, matsa lamba ya kamata ya kasance akai-akai na akalla dakika 15 (Hoto 2).
Hoto 2. Duban matsin lamba na tsarin sake numfashi (Wye dual hose sanyi), ana kiyaye ma'aunin matsa lamba a 30 cm H2O.(Hoto daga Darci Palmer, BS, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia])
A hankali buɗe bawul ɗin buɗaɗɗen kuma lura da sakin matsi na jakar ajiya.Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa tsarin lalata da bawul ɗin pop-up suna aiki daidai.Kada ka cire hannunka kawai daga tashar mara lafiya.Faduwa kwatsam na iya lalata wasu sassan na'urar maganin sa barci.Hakanan yana iya haifar da ƙura mai narkewa don shiga bututun numfashi kuma yana iya haɗuwa da hanyar iskar majiyyaci.
Na'urar duba numfashi da numfashi suna aiki tare don tabbatar da cewa iskar tana tafiya ta hanya ɗaya kawai a cikin tsarin numfashi.An yi su da abubuwa masu nauyi, wanda galibi ake kira fayafai, ana sanya su a cikin kubba mai haske don ku gan su suna motsi.Ana sanya bawul ɗin hanya ɗaya akan na'urar maganin sa barci a cikin a kwance ko a tsaye.Rashin waɗannan bawuloli na iya haifar da sake numfashi na CO2 da yawa, wanda ke cutar da majiyyaci lokacin amfani da injin sa barci.Don haka, kafin kowane amfani da injin sa barci, yakamata a kimanta ƙarfin bawul ɗin hanya ɗaya.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gwada bawul ɗin rajistan, amma wanda na fi sani da shi shine hanyar juzu'i, kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.
Cikakken bawul ɗin duba tsotsa zai hana komawar iskar gas zuwa injin.Idan babu yabo, jakar za ta ci gaba da yin kumfa (Hoto na 3).
Hoto 3. Tantance amincin bawul ɗin duba tsotsa.Idan babu yabo, jakar tafki za ta ci gaba da hura wuta.(Hoto daga Darci Palmer, BS, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia])
Cikakken bawul ɗin dubawa ya kamata ya hana iska fita daga cikin injin.Idan babu yabo, jakar ya kamata ta kasance cikin kumburi (Hoto na 4).
Hoto 4. Yin la'akari da amincin bawul ɗin dubawa na exhalation.Idan babu yabo, jakar tafki za ta ci gaba da hura wuta.(Hoto daga Darci Palmer, BS, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia])
Yadda ake nemo ruwan.Lokacin yin duban matsa lamba akan injin sa barci, ruwan sabulu na iya taimakawa wajen tantance tushen zubewar.Bi iskar iskar gas ta na'urar maganin sabulu da fesa ruwan sabulu a duk wuraren da ka iya zama tushen yabo.Idan akwai zube, ruwan sabulu zai fara kumfa daga injin (Hoto na 5).
Ana iya amfani da na'urar gano ɗigo mai sanyi (wanda aka saya daga Amazon akan ƙasa da $30) don gano tururin hydrocarbon halogenated.Na'urar ba ta ƙididdige ƙididdigewa ko sassa a cikin miliyan ɗaya na inhalant, amma ta fi kulawa fiye da ainihin gwajin "sniff" lokacin da ya zo ga ɗigogi waɗanda ke wanzu a ƙasa na evaporator.
Hoto 5. Ruwan sabulu da aka fesa akan tanki mai ɗaukar CO2 zai haifar da kumfa, yana nuna cewa hatimin roba na tanki yana zubewa.(Hoto daga Darci Palmer, BS, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia])
Matakai don yin duban matsa lamba akan kewayen sake numfashi (gaba ɗaya F hose sanyi).Universal F yana da bututun inhalation (coaxial sanyi) a cikin bututun fitar numfashi, don haka tiyo guda daya ne kawai ke da alaƙa da majiyyaci, amma a ƙarshen na'ura, ana raba hoses ɗin, don haka kowane bututu yana haɗa da naúrar da ta dace.Zuwa bawul.Bi wannan hanya da aka zayyana a sama don duba matsi na saitin hose dual Wye.Bugu da kari, hanyar gwajin bututun ciki yakamata ta kasance iri daya da da'irar Bain coaxial (duba ƙasa).
Sau da yawa ana amfani da da'irar numfashi marasa maimaitawa ga ƙananan marasa lafiya don taimakawa rage juriya na numfashi yayin samun iska na kwatsam.Wadannan da'irori ba sa amfani da abin sha don cire CO2, amma sun dogara da yawan adadin iskar gas don fitar da CO2 mai fitar da iskar gas daga cikin tsarin.Saboda haka, abubuwan da ke cikin da'irar numfashi maras maimaitawa ba su da rikitarwa.Hanyoyi guda biyu na numfashi marasa maimaitawa waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a cikin magungunan dabbobi sune da'irar Bain coaxial da kuma da'irar Jackson Rees.
Duban matsin lamba na da'irar numfashi mara maimaitawa (Bain coaxial ta amfani da Bain block).Ana amfani da da'irar coaxial na Bain a haɗe tare da shingen Bain wanda za'a iya sanyawa akan injin sa barci.Wannan yana ba da damar kewayawa don amfani da tashar tafki, ma'aunin matsa lamba, da bawul mai tasowa.
Bi matakai 2 zuwa 5 da aka zayyana a sama don duba da'irar numfashi.Lura cewa ko da matsa lamba ya kasance akai-akai, babu tabbacin cewa bututun ciki na kewayen coaxial ba zai zube ba.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don kimanta bututun ciki: gwajin toshewa da gwajin zubar da iskar oxygen.
Yi amfani da goge fensir ko syringe plunger don rufe bututun ciki a ƙarshen mara lafiya na ƙasa da daƙiƙa 2 zuwa 5.
Dangane da diamita na bututu na ciki, ba kowane nau'in da'irori na coaxial na iya toshewa ba.Ya kamata a duba bututun ciki a hankali kafin kowane amfani don tabbatar da cewa an haɗa shi da kyau da mara lafiya da ƙarshen na'ura.Idan akwai matsala tare da amincin bututun ciki, yakamata a jefar da kewaye.Rashin gazawar bututun ciki zai ƙara haɓaka mataccen sarari na inji, wanda zai iya haifar da babban adadin CO2 sake numfashi.
Kunna bawul ɗin zubar da iskar oxygen kuma lura da jakar tafki.Idan bututun ciki ya kasance cikakke, jakar tafki ya kamata a ɗan goge shi (tasirin Venturi).
Idan bututun ciki ya rabu da ƙarshen na'ura na kewayawa, jakar tafki na iya yin kumfa maimakon lalatawa yayin wannan gwajin.
Duban matsin lamba na da'irar numfashi mara maimaitawa (Jackson Rees).Irin wannan hanya da aka zayyana a sama don madauwari (Wye dual hose configuration) za a iya amfani da da'irar sake numfashi don yin gwajin matsa lamba akan da'irar mara numfashi ta Jackson Rees.Bawul ɗin buɗaɗɗen yana iya zama maɓalli da aka danna akan jakar ajiyar ruwa ko bawul ɗin da ke motsawa tsakanin buɗewa da rufaffiyar wurare.Daidaitaccen da'irar Jackson Rees baya amfani da ma'aunin matsi.Don haka, don yin gwajin matsa lamba akan da'irar, yakamata a cika jakar tafki na aƙalla daƙiƙa 15 zuwa 30 don ganin ko akwai ɗigogi.Ya kamata a buɗe bawul ɗin buɗa don sauƙaƙe matsa lamba a cikin kewaye, maimakon cire hannun daga tashar mara lafiya.Wannan zai gwada aikin al'ada na bawul ɗin pop-up.Za'a iya siyan ma'aunin matsi da za'a iya zubarwa da amfani da shi akan da'irar Jackson Rees (Hoto 6).Ana iya amfani da ma'aunin matsa lamba don duba matsi na da'irar Jackson Rees kamar yadda sauran hanyoyin numfashi.
Hoto 6. Ma'aunin matsa lamba da za a iya zubarwa a kan da'irar da ba ta sake numfashi ta Jackson Rees.(SafeSigh Pressure Gauge-Vetamac) (Hoto daga Michelle McConnell, LVT, VTS [Anaesthesia da Analgesia]))
Allen M, Smith L. Binciken kayan aiki da kulawa.A cikin Cooley KG, Johnson RA, Eds: Dabbobin Dabbobin Dabbobi da Kayan Kulawa.Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & 'Ya'ya;2018: 365-375.
Darci Palmer ta zama likitan dabbobi da fasahar jinya da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta a shekarar 2006. Tana aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na Kwalejin Fasaha ta Dabbobi na Anesthesia da Analgesia.Darci malami ne na Cibiyar Tallafin Dabbobin Dabbobi (VSPN) kuma mai kula da rukunin Facebook na Veterinary Anesthesia Nerds.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-15-2021